This Academic Free License (the “License”) applies to any original work of authorship (the 
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Licensed under the Academic Free License version 3.0

1) Grant of Copyright License. Licensor grants You a worldwide, royalty-free, non-exclusive, 
sublicensable license, for the duration of the copyright, to do the following:

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    d) to perform the Original Work publicly; and

    e) to display the Original Work publicly.

2) Grant of Patent License. Licensor grants You a worldwide, royalty-free, non-exclusive, 
sublicensable license, under patent claims owned or controlled by the Licensor that are 
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5) External Deployment. The term “External Deployment” means the use, distribution, or 
communication of the Original Work or Derivative Works in any way such that the Original 
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must treat any External Deployment by You of the Original Work or a Derivative Work as a 
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6) Attribution Rights. You must retain, in the Source Code of any Derivative Works that You 
create, all copyright, patent, or trademark notices from the Source Code of the Original 
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7) Warranty of Provenance and Disclaimer of Warranty. Licensor warrants that the copyright 
in and to the Original Work and the patent rights granted herein by Licensor are owned by 
the Licensor or are sublicensed to You under the terms of this License with the permission 
of the contributor(s) of those copyrights and patent rights. Except as expressly stated in 
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limitation, the warranties of non-infringement, merchantability or fitness for a particular 
purpose. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY OF THE ORIGINAL WORK IS WITH YOU. This DISCLAIMER 
OF WARRANTY constitutes an essential part of this License. No license to the Original Work 
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tort (including negligence), contract, or otherwise, shall the Licensor be liable to anyone 
for any indirect, special, incidental, or consequential damages of any character arising as 
a result of this License or the use of the Original Work including, without limitation, 
damages for loss of goodwill, work stoppage, computer failure or malfunction, or any and all 
other commercial damages or losses. This limitation of liability shall not apply to the 
extent applicable law prohibits such limitation.

9) Acceptance and Termination. If, at any time, You expressly assented to this License, that 
assent indicates your clear and irrevocable acceptance of this License and all of its terms 
and conditions. If You distribute or communicate copies of the Original Work or a Derivative 
Work, You must make a reasonable effort under the circumstances to obtain the express assent 
of recipients to the terms of this License. This License conditions your rights to undertake 
the activities listed in Section 1, including your right to create Derivative Works based 
upon the Original Work, and doing so without honoring these terms and conditions is 
prohibited by copyright law and international treaty. Nothing in this License is intended to 
affect copyright exceptions and limitations (including “fair use” or “fair dealing”). This 
License shall terminate immediately and You may no longer exercise any of the rights granted 
to You by this License upon your failure to honor the conditions in Section 1(c).

10) Termination for Patent Action. This License shall terminate automatically and You may no 
longer exercise any of the rights granted to You by this License as of the date You commence 
an action, including a cross-claim or counterclaim, against Licensor or any licensee 
alleging that the Original Work infringes a patent. This termination provision shall not 
apply for an action alleging patent infringement by combinations of the Original Work with 
other software or hardware.

11) Jurisdiction, Venue and Governing Law. Any action or suit relating to this License may 
be brought only in the courts of a jurisdiction wherein the Licensor resides or in which 
Licensor conducts its primary business, and under the laws of that jurisdiction excluding 
its conflict-of-law provisions. The application of the United Nations Convention on 
Contracts for the International Sale of Goods is expressly excluded. Any use of the Original 
Work outside the scope of this License or after its termination shall be subject to the 
requirements and penalties of copyright or patent law in the appropriate jurisdiction. This 
section shall survive the termination of this License.

12) Attorneys’ Fees. In any action to enforce the terms of this License or seeking damages 
relating thereto, the prevailing party shall be entitled to recover its costs and expenses, 
including, without limitation, reasonable attorneys’ fees and costs incurred in connection 
with such action, including any appeal of such action. This section shall survive the 
termination of this License.

13) Miscellaneous. If any provision of this License is held to be unenforceable, such 
provision shall be reformed only to the extent necessary to make it enforceable.

14) Definition of “You” in This License. “You” throughout this License, whether in upper or 
lower case, means an individual or a legal entity exercising rights under, and complying 
with all of the terms of, this License. For legal entities, “You” includes any entity that 
controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with you. For purposes of this 
definition, “control” means (i) the power, direct or indirect, to cause the direction or 
management of such entity, whether by contract or otherwise, or (ii) ownership of fifty 
percent (50%) or more of the outstanding shares, or (iii) beneficial ownership of such 
entity.

15) Right to Use. You may use the Original Work in all ways not otherwise restricted or 
conditioned by this License or by law, and Licensor promises not to interfere with or be 
responsible for such uses by You.

16) Modification of This License. This License is Copyright © 2005 Lawrence Rosen. 
Permission is granted to copy, distribute, or communicate this License without modification. 
Nothing in this License permits You to modify this License as applied to the Original Work 
or to Derivative Works. However, You may modify the text of this License and copy, 
distribute or communicate your modified version (the “Modified License”) and apply it to 
other original works of authorship subject to the following conditions: (i) You may not 
indicate in any way that your Modified License is the “Academic Free License” or “AFL” and 
you may not use those names in the name of your Modified License; (ii) You must replace the 
notice specified in the first paragraph above with the notice “Licensed under <insert your 
license name here>” or with a notice of your own that is not confusingly similar to the 
notice in this License; and (iii) You may not claim that your original works are open source 
software unless your Modified License has been approved by Open Source Initiative (OSI) and 
You comply with its license review and certification process.

